How Exercise Impacts Blood Sugar Levels

When you exercise, your muscles use glucose (sugar) for energy, which lowers the amount of sugar in your bloodstream. This effect can help improve blood sugar control both immediately and over time.

Immediate Effects of Exercise:

• Blood sugar typically drops during and after moderate aerobic activity (like walking, cycling, or swimming).
• Muscles become more sensitive to insulin, allowing more glucose to enter the cells.
• The body uses stored glucose (glycogen) in muscles and liver, helping lower overall blood sugar.

Long-Term Benefits:

• Improved insulin sensitivity (meaning the body needs less insulin to manage blood sugar)
• Lower fasting blood glucose levels
• Better A1C (average 3-month blood sugar) levels
• Reduced risk of Type 2 diabetes if you’re pre-diabetic

Watch Out For:

• Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar): Can happen if you’re on insulin or certain medications and don’t adjust food/meds around exercise.
• Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar): Can occur during intense workouts due to adrenaline spikes.

Tips for Exercising with Diabetes:

1. Check blood sugar before, during, and after if you’re on meds/insulin.
2. Stay hydrated – dehydration can affect sugar levels.
3. Carry fast-acting carbs (like glucose tabs or juice) if you’re prone to lows.
4. Wear a medical ID if you’re at risk of hypo episodes.
5. Be consistent – regular exercise has the most benefits over time.